Polyps

Polyps are growths that should not normally be there, extending into the lumen of the bowel. Although the frequency with which polyps are seen generally increases with age, they can be seen in the young as well. Some run in families.

In appearance polyps are either broad-based (sessile) or on a stalk. On examination by the pathologist, three quarters of polyps are hyperplastic and a quarter are adenomatous. Some of the adenomatous polyps can very uncommonly turn into cancer of the large bowel within 7–10 years, and for this reason all polyps should be removed when they are seen.

When polyps are found at colonoscopy they can be taken out by polypectomy. Patients who have had a polypectomy are followed up with colonoscopy at set intervals, according to what the pathologist’s report says.